Regarding the public
health issue of alcohol abuse, several key determinants must be taken
into account, since they serve as important precursors and may
indicate possible targets for prevention initiation. A human factor
contributing to the issue would simply be alcohol use itself- this
would be classified as behavioral. Another might be genetics;
research shows that some individuals genetically have a higher
tendency to become addicted to alcohol as well as other drugs. This
claim is supported by evidence that alcoholics are six times more
likely than nonalcoholics to have blood relatives that are also
alcoholic.
The agent or vector
involved would be the nature of alcohol itself; alcohol is considered
to be a drug because it's components essentially poison the body.
Addiction is also extremely relevant, because it is kind of the first
step when looking at alcohol abuse. How does this addiction come
about? Over time, the nature of alcohol (chemically) is such that
regular consumption disrupts the balance of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric
acid), which affects impulsiveness as well as nervous system
functions. The consumption of alcohol also raises dopamine levels,
which make the drinking experience more enjoyable, but at the same
time contribute to the development of addiction.
The issue of alcohol
abuse is also caused by environmental factors, both physical and
socio-cultural. For example, there is a direct correlation between
easy access to cheap alcohol and alcohol abuse. This is a physical
environmental factor, because it has to do with the number of stores
that sell alcohol within an area and how far they are from the
population whose alcohol use is being studied, as well as the
accessibility of alcohol in terms of cost in that location, relative
to the economic status of people living in that location.
A socio-cultural factor
would be something more like peer pressure among adolescents and the
normalcy of drinking- the way it is perceived as something socially
acceptable in certain contexts, such as among college-age students. A
final environmental factor that is extremely prominent and
influential in terms of increasing rates of alcohol abuse would be
media and advertising. Advertisements are all over the place, and
portray alcohol as glamorous, that it's associated with many positive
things, and they convey that excessive drinking is not only
acceptable but something that should be encouraged in order to create
a fun environment or experience with friends.
Hello Aafia,
ReplyDeleteDo you have a problem statement yet?
Regarding your key determinants, I think that you used the human; agent/vector; environmental classification rather than the biologic/developmental; environmental; ecomonic; socio-cultural as described in the blog assignment. It’s confusing – we keep asking for different things!
I agree with alcohol use being behavioral, though per the new classification, I think that genetic predisposition would necessarily be biologic/developmental.
The alcohol itself could be classified into behavioral (how much someone consumes) and biologic (how much alcohol it takes to produce particular outcomes). I like your discussion of its effects on GABA receptors and dopamine.
Access issues are critical – good job pointing out that the density of alcohol outlets in certain areas and economic access are different things.
Peer pressure definitely falls into the socio-cultural realm, and advertising into the environmental realm.
You did a really nice job with this! Please run your problem statement by me by the next class so that we can work on it if you have any questions. Thanks!
Karyn
Aafia,
ReplyDeleteIt looks like you're doing a really nice job with the key determinants. I'm curious to know what type of intervention you are going to choose. Do you have any statistics to go along with your determinants? I think that would really help to strengthen your argument.
Zach
Hello Aafia,
ReplyDeleteI really enjoyed your key determinants discussion. It seems that you have thought about this issue from many different perspectives. I especially think your ideas for sociocultural determinants is very interesting. I am interested to see where you plan on intervening because it seems like there are many different ways that you could. Also, do you know what population you plan to target in terms of alcoholism because that would certainly change your entire topic.
Wren
Aafia,
ReplyDeleteI enjoyed reading your last blog! It looks like you will have a very well researched and informational final paper. I think there are some more determinants out there, however, especially in the environmental area. I'm looking forward to reading your final paper!
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